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Ecnoglutide

Ecnoglutide (XW003); modified GLP-1(7-37) peptide with Ala8Val substitution and γ-Glu-2xAEEA-linked C18 diacid fatty acid at Lys30

Late-Stage ClinicalInvestigationalTrials Ongoing

Clinical trials are ongoing or recently completed. Final approval has not been granted.

A once-weekly injection approved in China for type 2 diabetes and obesity that works by mimicking a natural gut hormone to lower blood sugar and reduce appetite. Clinical trials showed up to 13.2% body weight loss over about 10 months. This medication is not yet available in the US or Europe.

17 studiesUpdated 2026-03-10Subcutaneous · Oral

This entry is a cited research summary, not an established treatment reference. Dosing language is included as source context, not as medical instruction.

Clinical bottom lineMixed evidence

Ecnoglutide has substantial clinical evidence but is not FDA-approved.

Clinical trials are ongoing or recently completed. Final approval has not been granted.

Safety Summary

Across Phase 2 and Phase 3 injectable studies, most adverse events were transient mild-to-moderate gastrointestinal events. In Phase 2 (n=145), ecnoglutide-treated participants had diarrhea in 14.7%, nausea in 11.9%, constipation in 7.3%, decreased appetite in 6.4%, lipase increase in 5.5%, and hypoglycemia in 5.5% (mild, non-dose-dependent, mainly due to skipped meals), with no treatment-related grade 3 or higher adverse events and no treatment-related serious adverse events PMID 39333121. In EECOH-1 (Phase 3, n=211), TEAEs occurred in 78.3% (0.6 mg) and 77.5% (1.2 mg) vs. 63.4% placebo; no severe hypoglycemia, pancreatitis, or gallbladder-related disorders were reported PMID 41501026. In EECOH-2 (Phase 3, n=621), discontinuation due to adverse events was 3% (ecnoglutide 0.6 mg), 4% (1.2 mg), and 3% (dulaglutide) over 52 weeks PMID 40854315. In the SLIMMER obesity trial (Phase 3, n=664), TEAEs occurred in 93% of ecnoglutide-treated participants vs. 84% placebo; 10 ecnoglutide-treated participants discontinued due to adverse events; most common AEs were mild-to-moderate gastrointestinal events PMID 40555243. In Phase 1, adverse events included decreased appetite, nausea, and headache PMID 37364710. No signal of pancreatitis, severe hypoglycemia, or thyroid C-cell pathology has emerged across the clinical program.

Clinical check-in

If real-world use or exposure is being considered, review potential interactions, contraindications, and monitoring needs with a licensed clinician rather than relying on summary copy alone.

See cited studies on this page (17)

Cited sources

Every claim on this page links to one of the 17 sources below. Identifiers are PubMed (PMID), ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT), or DOI; click through to the source of record before acting on a claim.

  1. 1PMID 37364710PubMed
  2. 2PMID 39333121PubMed
  3. 3PMID 41501026PubMed
  4. 4PMID 40854315PubMed
  5. 5PMID 40555243PubMed
  6. 6PMID 40854316PubMed
  7. 7doi:10.15212/bioi-2025-0129DOI
  8. 8NCT07073417ClinicalTrials.gov
  9. 9NCT07281937ClinicalTrials.gov
  10. 10NCT07243171ClinicalTrials.gov
  11. 11NCT05184322ClinicalTrials.gov
  12. 12NCT06335134ClinicalTrials.gov
  13. 13NCT07143227ClinicalTrials.gov
  14. 14NCT07387094ClinicalTrials.gov
  15. 15NCT07434050ClinicalTrials.gov
  16. 16PMID 38343381PubMed
  17. 17PMID 39952695PubMed